Introduction to pharmacology

 
                                                             PHARMACOLOGY
               

It deals with study of drugs and following factors about drugs;
      1.drug sources
      2.Drug development
      3.physical and chemical properties of drugs
      4.Biochemical and physiological effects of drugs
      5.mechanism of action of drugs
      6.(ADME) absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs
      7.Adverse and therapeutic effects of drugs
                   
                     DEFINE DRUG?
        Any chemical, physical ,biological agent except the food items which is used for diagnosis,
     prevention or treatment is called drug.

                  TYPES OF DRUGS
   (1) Crude drug

•    Not purified  100 %
•   Impurities are present

   (2)Refined drug

• pure drug 

   (3)Pro drug

•      parent drug is inert pharmacologically. Parent drug is converted into metabolites after metabolism.
• prontosil dye (parent drug) ----->sulphanilamide  (compound with antibacterial properties)

   (4)Orphan drug

• Rarely used for treatment
• Availability is less as it is not a routine used drug
• EXAMPLE; Rabif  is a drug used for treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS).

   (5)Placebo

• physically and pharmacologically inactive.
• Mostly it is a  part of food
• Used for treatment of mild psychological diseases 
• Mostly used by neuro specialists

                                           Branches of Pharmacology

•    Medical pharmacology
•   Veterinary pharmacology 

                                          Basic pillars of pharmacology

      (1)  Pharmacokinetics

•   Effect of body on drug
• How the body deals with a drug 
• What the body does to a drug
• Study of ADME is also included in it

     (2)  Pharmacodynamics

•      Effects of drug on body
•     How the drug deals with body
•     What the drug does to the body

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